Which vessel is legally required to take early action to avoid a collision?

The give-way vessel is legally required to take early action to avoid a collision. In navigational rules, the give-way vessel is the one that must yield the right of way to other vessels, meaning it has the responsibility to take actions to avoid a collision when another vessel is approaching.

Understanding this concept is critical for safe navigation. The give-way vessel needs to assess the situation and maneuver appropriately, whether that means altering its course or speed, to prevent a collision with the stand-on vessel, which maintains its course and speed unless it is apparent that the give-way vessel is not taking action to avoid the collision.

In contrast, the stand-on vessel is expected to maintain its path and speed unless it becomes clear that the give-way vessel will not yield. Power-driven and sailing vessels can be either the give-way or stand-on vessel based on the context of their encounter, but it is the specific role of the give-way vessel to take proactive measures to ensure safety on the water. This guideline emphasizes the importance of situational awareness and responsiveness in maritime operations.